Mendeley出力
＜図書＞
Self-organized criticality in earth systems
| 責任表示 | Stefan Hergarten |
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| データ種別 | 図書 |
| 出版情報 | Berlin : Springer , c2002 |
| 本文言語 | 英語 |
| 大きさ | ix, 272 p. : ill. ; 24 cm |
| 概要 | Self-organized criticality (SOC) has become a magic word in various scientific disciplines; it provides a framework for understanding complexity and scale invariance in systems showing irregular fluc...uations. In the first 10 years after Per Bak and his co-workers presented their seminal idea, more than 2000 papers on this topic appeared. Seismology has been a field in earth sciences where the SOC concept has already deepened the understanding, but there seem to be much more examples in earth sciences where applying the SOC concept may be fruitful. After introducing the reader into the basics of fractals, chaos and SOC, the book presents established and new applications of SOC in earth sciences, namely earthquakes, forest fires, landslides and drainage networks. 続きを見る |
| 目次 | Machine generated contents note: 1. Fractals and Fractal Distributions 1 1.1 The Fractal Dimension3 1.2 Determining Fractal Dimensions8 1.3 Fractal Distributions13 1.4 Fractals or Fractal Distributions? 17 1.5 Are Fractals Useful?19 1.6 Where do Fractals Come From? 21 2. Recognizing Power-Law Distributions25 2.1 Maximum Likelihood, Least Squares, and Linear Regression 26 2.2 Do Cumulative Size Distributions Tell the Truth?28 2.3 Binning31 2.4 Censoring37 3. Self-Affine Time Series41 3.1 Brownian Motion42 3.2 White Noise44 3.3 Fourier Transforms46 3.4 Fractional Brownian Motion48 3.5 Generating FBM51 3.6 Scaling Properties of FBM52 3.7 Self-Affine Scale Invariance and Fractal Dimensions55 3.8 Recognizing FBM56 3.9 The Variogram Analysis59 3.10 Predictability64 4. Deterministic Chaos67 4.1 The Lorenz Equations68 4.2 The Physics Behind the Lorenz Equations69 4.3 Phase Space, Attractors, and Bifurcations74 4.4 Limit Cycles and Strange Attractors77 4.5 The Lyapunov Exponent78 4.6 Does it Matter whether God Plays Dice?84 4.7 Deterministic Chaos and Self-Affine Fractals85 5. Self-Organized Criticality87 5.1 Critical-Point Phenomena88 5.2 The Bak-Tang-Wiesenfeld Model90 5.3 The Critical State98 5.4 What is SOC?99 5.5 Sandpile Dynamics and the BTW Model102 6. The Forest-Fire Model - Tuning and Universality109 6.1 The Forest-Fire Model109 6.2 Universality119 6.3 Non-Equilibrium States in SOC Systems122 7. Earthquakes and Stick-Slip Motion125 7.1 The Fractal Character of Earthquakes127 7.2 The Burridge-Knopoff Model130 7.3 Separation of Time Scales133 7.4 Cellular Automata135 7.5 The Olami-Feder-Christensen Model138 7.6 Boundary Conditions in the OFC Model142 7.7 Efficient Simulation of the OFC Model143 7.8 Is the OFC Model Self-Organized Critical?145 7.9 Rupture Area and Seismic Moment149 7.10 The Temporal Fingerprint of the OFC Model152 7.11 How Complex is the OFC Model?161 8. Landslides163 8.1 Fractal Properties of Landslides164 8.2 Are Landslides like Sandpile Avalanches?167 8.3 Data, Models, and Reality173 8.4 The Role of Time-Dependent Weakening175 8.5 On Predicting Slope Stability184 8.6 Are SOC and Universality Important in Landform Evolution? 187 9. Drainage Networks189 9.1 Fractal Properties of Drainage Networks189 9.2 Discharge, Drainage Areas, and Water Balance196 9.3 Peano's Basin198 9.4 Random-Walk Approaches200 9.5 Drainage Networks and Landform Evolution201 9.6 Optimal Channel Networks216 9.7 Drainage Networks and Self-Organized Criticality220 9.8 Optimization by Permanent Reorganization?233 10. SOC and Nothing Else?235 10.1 Ensembles of SOC systems236 10.2 SOC in Pre-Structured Systems240 10.3 Highly Optimized Tolerance245 11. Where do we Stand?253 A. Numerics of Ordinary Differential Equations255.続きを見る |
所蔵情報
| 状態 | 巻次 | 所蔵場所 | 請求記号 | 刷年 | 文庫名称 | 資料番号 | コメント | 予約・取寄 | 複写申込 | 自動書庫 |
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理系図1F 開架 | 450/H 53 | 2002 |
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010212010000955 |
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書誌詳細
| 一般注記 | Includes bibliographical references and index |
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| 著者標目 | Hergarten, Stefan, 1964- |
| 件 名 | LCSH:Earth sciences -- Mathematics
全ての件名で検索
LCSH:Fractals LCSH:Self-organizing systems LCSH:Critical phenomena (Physics) |
| 書誌ID | 1001424355 |
| ISBN | 3540434526 |
| NCID | BA57299408 |
| 巻冊次 | ISBN:3540434526 |
| 登録日 | 2010.07.02 |
| 更新日 | 2010.07.02 |