| 概要 |
公園緑地の配置計画では伝統的に公園配置論と緑地帯論という二つの計画理論が形成されてきた.しかし,これらは別々に発展してきたし,両者を関連づける論理が形成されていない.本論文は公開緑地の配置体系が都市構造,緑地帯，公園配置の3者によって決められるという仮説の下に,地方中枢都市を事例にこれらの相互的な関係を解析したものである.その結果，緑地帯の形成過程では次の4点が明らかになった.1)地方中枢都市にお...ける緑地帯はおおよそ1980年前後に策定されており, これらは基本的に地形条件と都市成長方向を基盤としている,2)緑地帯が地形条件に重きをおくか,都市成長方向に重きを置くかは,自治体の事情と関連する.しかし,地形条件を基盤に形成しても緑地帯の形態は以後都市成長方向との整合性が重視され,それによって修正が加えられていく.3)都市成長方向は大部分の都市が多核構造を指向しているが,北九州市のように集中構造を指向する都市もある.多核構造を指向する都市では緑地帯が市街化調整区域をベースとするか,或は少なくとも緑地帯の一部が市街化調整区域に含まれている.一方,集中構造を指向する都市では都心を起点に外周へ向けて発展し,その時緑地帯は市街地内の土地利用計画と結びついている. 4)緑地帯の設置目的は,おおよそ①緑地の保全と活用,②都市美の向上③都市形態のコントロール,の三つに区分される.それが都市の成長や都市問題の変化に対応して,次第に三つの目的を実現する手段へ変質して行くのであるが,中でも公園緑地が自治体のアイデンティティの創出と認識されるようになることは重要である.
Park Disposition Theory and Green Belt Theory are two theories that have influenced Parks and Open Space Planning. However these theories have been developed independently and little is known about their interaction. The purpose of this study was to investigate an open space arrangement system for local central cities using the hypothesis that the open space arrangement system is compose in relation to urban structure, green belt, and park disposition. The following results were obtained from the survey on the policies of green belts. 1) Green belts in local central cities was set up in 1980s. They was designed besed on topography and urban development policy. 2) The two foundations of this type of green belt design were determined in varying local government contexts. In the case of green belt base on topography, green belts were modified by urban development policy, thereby determining their shape. 3) There are two types of urban growth direction;a muti-core system and a core system. In case of the cities where muti-core system was adopted with urban growth direction, the green belt was set up in urbanization control areas or where the green belt included urbanization control areas. On the other hand, in cities where a core system was adopted with urban growth direction, green belts were developed in urban fringe areas outside the center of the city, accompanied with establishing a spatial order of city. 4)The objective was to set up green belts with three functions: ① Conservation and application of parks and open space. ② Improvement of cities beauty or amenity, and finally the control of urban development or land use. However these objectives tend to change, relative to urban development policy and urban problems.続きを見る
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