| 概要 |
この研究では，国際化する乾しいたけの需給構造の変化を的確にとらえ，国内生産農家の健全な育成や高品質，ローコスト生産による経常の近代化への取り組みがどのように進められているか等の点を明らかにするため，先進事例として宮崎県を取り上げ，調査分析を試みた．その結果，つぎの諸点が明らかになった．1．わが国のしいたけ産業は，昭和59年の大豊作による需給バランスの崩れがきっかけとなり，昭和60年からの急速な円高...がこれに追い打ちをかけ，輸出価格が下落し，厳しい環境下にある．2．この円高は，中国，韓国の乾しいたけの海外進出を容易にし，わが国の得意先（香港など）に進出し，国際競争を激化させた．特に，中国からの輸入が増加している．3．国内における消費性向は食生活の変革の中で大きく変わってきた．即ち，飽食，楽食時代といわれる中で，乾しいたけ食の簡便化，洋風化志向への対応の遅れが，需要増につながらない大きな要因となっている．4．供給面をみると，生産基盤づくりの遅れから，原木不足，原木価格の高騰やしいたけ経営の担い手の高齢化が進行しており，不安定な供給構造は解消されていない．5．個別農家のしいたけ経営診断の結果は，収益性，生産性の面で，格差が拡大しつつある．
I have analyzed the production of dried shiitake mushroom in Miyazaki prefecture, as an advanced model case, in order to exactly understand changes in the supply-demand relation of dried shiitake mushroom under the internationalized conditions and to examine the attempt to modernize the management by growing domestic producers and producing dried shiitake mushroom of excellent qualities at a lowered cost. As a result, the following facts have been clarified. 1. Since the large harvest of shiitake mushroom in 1984 damaged extremely its supply-demand balance in Japan, the export price of shiitake mushroom has been lowered. The recent high exchange rate of the yen has further promoted this tendency and thus the production of shiitake mushroom in Japan lies under severe conditions at present. 2. The high exchange rate of the yen has facilitated the invasion of dried shitake mushroom produced in China or Korea to customers of Japan such as Hong Kong, thus intensifying international competition. In particular, the amount of dried shiitake mushroom imported from China has been increasing. 3. The tendency of the consumption of dried shiitake mushroom in Japan has been largely changed with changes in Japanese eating habits. Namely, the dried shiitake mushroom industry has failed to catch the recent simplified and westernized eating style in Japan, which is a large reason why the demand for dried shiitake mushroom would not increase. 4. From the viewpoint of supply, the delay in the formation of the base of the production of shiitake mushroom causes the shortage of logs for shiitake, and increase in the price of the same and the advancement of the age of manufacturers. Thus the supply structure of shitake mushroom still remains unstable. 5. As the result of an analysis on each shiitake manufacturer, it is observed to widen gaps among manufacturers in the gains and productivity.続きを見る
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Mendeley出力
