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| Abstract |
Confocal fluorescence photon counting microscope has been developed and applied to observe dye molecules (rhodamine 6G or dioctadecyl-rhodamine B) at the water surface under the conditions of ultra-sm...all surface density of the molecules. Discussion is made to prove it possible that a confocal microscope has a capability of surface-selective observation of dye molecules on the water surface even when the dye molecules are water-soluble. Molecular properties required for the surface-selective observation is quantitatively discussed of the equilibrium constant and maximum density, of surface adsorption, and fluorescence detection efficiencies for molecules at the surface and in the bulk solution. Comments for sample preparation were made for estimating concentration of molecules in the ultra dilute solution. A possibility of single molecule detection at the water surface is discussed as well.show more
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