<journal article>
Clinical Significance of the Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgeries for Morbid Obesity : Initial 30 Cases at a Single Institution in Japan

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Abstract Background : Bariatric surgical procedures are becoming a standard treatment for morbid obesity in many western countries and in some Asian countries. Aim : The aim of the current study was to evaluat...e the efficacy and safety of the initial 30 cases of bariatric surgical procedures performed for morbid obesity at a single institution in Japan. Materials and methods : From March 2012 until September 2014, 30 bariatric surgical procedures were performed for morbid obesity at a single medical center (Kyushu University Hospital) in Japan. Results : All of the operations procedures were planned laparoscopic procedures, and none required conversion to laparotomy. There were no perioperative or postoperative mortalities. Postoperative complications occurred in 3 patients : 1 patient developed an intra-abdominal abscess, 1 patient experienced temporary food intolerance, and 1 patient developed small bowel obstruction. The excessive body weight reduction rates after surgery at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year post-surgery were 26.1%, 39.2%, 41.7%, and 51.2%, respectively. The mean body mass index (BMI) at the same time points were 38.3%, 36.4%, 35.5%, and 31.4%, respectively. Eighteen patients had type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The mean preoperative fasting blood glucose levels were 169 ±37 mg/dL. Following surgery, the blood glucose levels at 3, 6 and 12 months were 113±12, 115 ±22, and 110 ± 19, mg/dL, respectively. The preoperative HbA1c percentage was 7.9 ± 0.5. Following surgery, the HbA1c percentages at 3, 6, and 12 months were 6.9 ± 0.5, 6.2 ± 0.9, and 5.9 ± 0.6, respectively. Conclusions : Bariatric surgical procedures are effective and safe for the treatment of morbid obesity. Our results indicate that the mechanism of improvement of diabetes and related diseases following bariatric surgical procedures is not simply as a result of calorie restriction and weight reduction.
海外では病的肥満に対して積極的に肥満外科手術が行われており,2008年の1年間には世界中で34 万例以上の腹腔鏡下肥満外科手術が行われている.世界的に腹腔鏡下肥満外科手術の代表的術式は,胃バイパス術とスリーブ状胃切除術である.一方,わが国では2014 年4 月スリーブ状胃切除術(LSG)が保険収載されたが,世界で最も肥満に関連した代謝性疾患に効果があるとされている胃バイパス術は保険収載されていない現状にある.当院においてこれまでおこなってきた病的肥満症に対する減量手術の術式の工夫と糖尿病,高脂血症に対する治療効果について検討した.2012 年3 月から2014 年11 月までに内科的治療に抵抗性のBMI35 以上の病的肥満症30 例に対して減量手術としての腹腔鏡下スリーブ状胃切除術を施行した.平均の術前体重は114.1kg,術前体重から身長による標準体重を引いた超過体重平均は55.5kg であった.平均の術前BMI は42.8で,BMI が50以上の症例を5例に認めた.肥満関連合併症として,糖尿病合併が18例,脂質異常症が13 例,高血圧症が20 例,睡眠時無呼吸が6例であった.開腹手術への移行例はなくlaparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy のoperation time は212 ± 57minで術中出血量は18 ± 39g であった.手術関連死亡例はなく,術後合併症は腹腔内膿瘍を1例,残胃狭窄を1例と小腸閉塞1 例に認めた.30 例の術後1ヶ月,6ヶ月後および1 年後の超過体重減少率は,26.1,39.2,41.7,51.2%であった.体重の減少に伴いBMI も38.3,36.4,35.5,31.4%と減少した.糖尿病合併18 例では術前の空腹時血糖(mg/dl)は169± 37 で術後3,6,12ヶ月には113± 12, 115 ± 22,110± 19 と変化した.HbA1c(%)は術前7.9± 0.5 で術後3,6,12ヶ月では6.9 ± 0.5,6.2 ± 0.9,5.9 ± 0.6 に減少した.BMI35〜75.8 の病的肥満症例に対して減量手術が安全に施行できた.術後1 年以上経過した症例は6 例のみであり,その長期的な有効性については結論は得ないが,明らかな体重減少に先行して糖尿病,高血圧,脂質異常症などの関連疾患の改善が認められた.肥満外科手術による糖尿病などの関連疾患改善のメカニズムは,単にカロリー制限や体重減少だけではないことを物語っていた.
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Created Date 2015.04.17
Modified Date 2021.07.28

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